How do I cite personal emails and classroom lectures?
Answer
Personal emails and unrecorded classroom lectures are considered nonrecoverable*. Because of this they should only be cited in the body of the paper like a personal communication. They are not included in the reference list. Give the initial(s) and surname of the communicator, and provide as exact a date as possible, using the following formats:
Narrative citation: J. Doe (personal communication, January 4, 2020)
Parenthetical citation: (J. Smith, classroom lecture, January 5, 2020)
Click here for information on works recoverable only by certain audiences.
*Nonrecoverable= Readers are not able to access (or recover) the source. The sources may be proprietary for specific companies, and readers outside of your company will not have access to those resources.